Pokud jste se n\u011bkdy sna\u017eili namontovat na pu\u0161ku optiku, sv\u00edtilnu nebo dvojno\u017eku a zjistili jste, \u017ee d\u00edly k sob\u011b prost\u011b nepasuj\u00ed, narazili jste na problematiku mont\u00e1\u017en\u00edch standard\u016f. Dobrou zpr\u00e1vou je, \u017ee jakmile pochop\u00edte, jak do sebe jednotliv\u00e9 prvky zapadaj\u00ed, je v\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo\u010dar\u00fd. Tento pr\u016fvodce v\u00e1s sezn\u00e1m\u00ed se \u010dty\u0159mi syst\u00e9my, se kter\u00fdmi se setk\u00e1te nej\u010dast\u011bji \u2013 Picatinny, M-LOK, KeyMod a ARCA-Swiss \u2013 a vysv\u011btl\u00ed, co spolu funguje a co ne.<\/p>\n
Je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 rozli\u0161ovat dv\u011b r\u016fzn\u00e9 funkce, kter\u00e9 mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed syst\u00e9my pln\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Modern\u00ed pu\u0161ky obvykle kombinuj\u00ed oboj\u00ed: souvislou li\u0161tu Picatinny na horn\u00ed<\/em> stran\u011b pro optiku a dr\u00e1\u017eky M-LOK na boc\u00edch a spodn\u00ed stran\u011b p\u0159edpa\u017eb\u00ed pro v\u0161e ostatn\u00ed. Pochopen\u00ed t\u011bchto dvou \u00farovn\u00ed je kl\u00ed\u010dem k tomu, abyste se vyhnuli v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b chyb s kompatibilitou.<\/p>\n Li\u0161ta Picatinny z\u00edskala sv\u00e9 jm\u00e9no podle zbrojovky Picatinny Arsenal v New Jersey, kde tento syst\u00e9m vznikl. V 80. letech 20. stolet\u00ed se zde jeden z in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f rozhodl standardizovat star\u0161\u00ed syst\u00e9m Weaver a v\u00fdsledn\u00fd design obdr\u017eel ozna\u010den\u00ed MIL-STD-1913. Americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da jej zavedla do v\u00fdzbroje 3. \u00fanora 1995.<\/p>\n T\u00edm, co zaru\u010duje jeho funk\u010dnost, je p\u0159esnost. Dr\u00e1\u017eky MIL-STD-1913 jsou \u0161irok\u00e9 .206 palce a jejich rozte\u010d je .394 palce (od st\u0159edu ke st\u0159edu). Pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto p\u0159esn\u00e9 a jednotn\u00e9 dr\u00e1\u017eky umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159end\u00e1vat p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed z jedn\u00e9 pu\u0161ky na druhou s jistotou spolehliv\u00e9ho upnut\u00ed.<\/p>\n Syst\u00e9m Picatinny p\u016fvodn\u011b vznikl pro mont\u00e1\u017e pu\u0161kohled\u016f, ale jeho vyu\u017eit\u00ed se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo na taktick\u00e9 sv\u00edtilny, laserov\u00e9 zam\u011b\u0159ova\u010de, p\u0159\u00edstroje no\u010dn\u00edho vid\u011bn\u00ed, kolim\u00e1tory, p\u0159edn\u00ed rukojeti, dvojno\u017eky a dal\u0161\u00ed. Po zaveden\u00ed tohoto standardu v roce 1995 byly st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed slu\u017eebn\u00ed zbran\u011b upraveny tak, aby obsahovaly li\u0161tu Picatinny jako standardn\u00ed v\u00fdbavu. Dnes z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 univerz\u00e1ln\u00edm rozhran\u00edm pro mont\u00e1\u017ee pu\u0161kohled\u016f<\/a> a pro t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jak\u00e9koli p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduje naprosto pevn\u00e9 a standardizovan\u00e9 uchycen\u00ed.<\/p>\n Weaver je star\u0161\u00ed, m\u00e9n\u011b exaktn\u00ed p\u0159edch\u016fdce syst\u00e9mu Picatinny, a pr\u00e1v\u011b on je zdrojem \u010dast\u00fdch zmatk\u016f. Oba maj\u00ed stejn\u00fd z\u00e1kladn\u00ed profil, ale rozm\u011bry se li\u0161\u00ed. Dr\u00e1\u017eky Picatinny jsou \u0161irok\u00e9 .206 palce, dr\u00e1\u017eky Weaver maj\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159ku .180 palce. Rozte\u010d Picatinny je standardizov\u00e1na na .394 palce (od st\u0159edu ke st\u0159edu), zat\u00edmco u syst\u00e9mu Weaver nebyla rozte\u010d nikdy jednotn\u011b standardizov\u00e1na.<\/p>\n Rozd\u00edl v \u0161\u00ed\u0159ce dr\u00e1\u017eek ur\u010duje jedno z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pravidlo, kter\u00e9 stoj\u00ed za zapamatov\u00e1n\u00ed: proto\u017ee jsou dr\u00e1\u017eky Picatinny \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed kompatibiln\u00ed se syst\u00e9mem Weaver se na li\u0161tu MIL-STD-1913 obvykle vejde, ale naopak to v\u011bt\u0161inou neplat\u00ed. Mont\u00e1\u017e Picatinny se na li\u0161tu Weaver spr\u00e1vn\u011b nezajist\u00ed, proto\u017ee dr\u00e1\u017eky Weaver jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u00fazk\u00e9. Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b \u0159e\u010deno \u2013 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed Weaver na li\u0161t\u011b Picatinny zpravidla funguje, Picatinny na li\u0161t\u011b Weaver nikoli. Pokud si nejste jisti, p\u0159ed n\u00e1kupem si ov\u011b\u0159te, zda li\u0161ta skute\u010dn\u011b spl\u0148uje specifikaci 1913.<\/p>\n Prvn\u00ed taktick\u00e1 p\u0159edpa\u017eb\u00ed m\u011bla li\u0161ty Picatinny na v\u0161ech \u010dty\u0159ech stran\u00e1ch \u2013 tzv. quad rail. To sice poskytlo upev\u0148ovac\u00ed body v\u0161ude, ale p\u0159edpa\u017eb\u00ed bylo t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 a nepohodln\u011b se dr\u017eelo, nav\u00edc p\u0159id\u00e1valo a\u017e dvan\u00e1ct unc\u00ed na hmotnosti. \u0158e\u0161en\u00edm byla mont\u00e1\u017e typu negative-space<\/strong>: m\u00edsto p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed li\u0161t na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stranu se do \u0161t\u00edhl\u00e9ho p\u0159edpa\u017eb\u00ed vy\u0159\u00edznou dr\u00e1\u017eky, skrz kter\u00e9 se p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed upev\u0148uje.<\/p>\n Proto\u017ee mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed prvky zasahuj\u00ed do<\/em> p\u0159edpa\u017eb\u00ed, a nikoliv na<\/em> n\u011bj, je v\u00fdsledkem \u0161t\u00edhlej\u0161\u00ed, leh\u010d\u00ed a ergonomi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed profil, kter\u00fd nab\u00edz\u00ed upev\u0148ovac\u00ed body pouze tam, kde je pot\u0159ebujete. Pro tento \u00fa\u010del vznikly dva konkuren\u010dn\u00ed standardy: KeyMod a M-LOK. Oba typy si m\u016f\u017eete prohl\u00e9dnout v na\u0161\u00ed nab\u00eddce li\u0161tov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f<\/a>.<\/p>\n P\u0159edpa\u017eb\u00ed KeyMod bylo vyvinuto ve spolupr\u00e1ci firem VLTOR Weapon Systems a Noveske Rifleworks, kter\u00e9 tento syst\u00e9m uvolnily pro ve\u0159ejnost v roce 2012 s c\u00edlem standardizovat univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed uchycen\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se o open-source design, tak\u017ee jej m\u016f\u017ee voln\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvat jak\u00e1koli spole\u010dnost, a jeho dr\u00e1\u017eky maj\u00ed charakteristick\u00fd tvar kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 d\u00edrky \u2013 kulat\u00fd otvor p\u0159ech\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed v u\u017e\u0161\u00ed dr\u00e1\u017eku.<\/p>\n M-LOK vych\u00e1z\u00ed z v\u00fdvoje syst\u00e9mu MOE, kter\u00fd spole\u010dnost Magpul Industries zah\u00e1jila v roce 2007 a kter\u00fd polo\u017eil z\u00e1klady pro to, co n\u00e1sledovalo. Syst\u00e9m Modular Lock \u2013 M-LOK \u2013 si Magpul nechal patentovat a uvedl na trh v roce 2014. Jedn\u00edm z d\u016fvod\u016f bylo, \u017ee polymerov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed Magpul nefungovalo dob\u0159e s k\u00f3nickou matic\u00ed syst\u00e9mu KeyMod, a tak byl M-LOK navr\u017een tak, aby l\u00e9pe spolupracoval s nekovov\u00fdmi mont\u00e1\u017en\u00edmi povrchy. Jeho dr\u00e1\u017eky tvo\u0159\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9 obd\u00e9ln\u00edky se zaoblen\u00fdmi rohy a upev\u0148ovac\u00ed hardware vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 va\u010dkovou T-matici, kter\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed pevn\u011b dot\u00e1hne.<\/p>\n O tom nerozhodl marketing, ale testov\u00e1n\u00ed. V roce 2016 postavilo Velitelstv\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00edch operac\u00ed USA (SOCOM) syst\u00e9my M-LOK a KeyMod proti sob\u011b a zpr\u00e1va divize Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) Crane z roku 2017 zve\u0159ejnila v\u00fdsledky. Zat\u00edmco oba syst\u00e9my byly srovnateln\u00e9 z hlediska odolnosti a hrub\u00e9ho zach\u00e1zen\u00ed, M-LOK v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159ekonal KeyMod v opakovatelnosti upnut\u00ed, testech p\u00e1du a testech mezn\u00edho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed p\u0159i selh\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n Hlavn\u00ed \u00fadaj vze\u0161el z test\u016f mezn\u00edho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u2013 strh\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed z li\u0161ty \u2013 kde testy v Crane zaznamenaly u syst\u00e9mu M-LOK o 215 % vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed oproti syst\u00e9mu KeyMod. Divize NSWC Crane doporu\u010dila syst\u00e9m M-LOK up\u0159ednostnit p\u0159ed jak\u00fdmkoli jin\u00fdm, co\u017e se prom\u00edtlo do nov\u00fdch arm\u00e1dn\u00edch n\u00e1kup\u016f. V\u00fdsledkem je trh v jeho sou\u010dasn\u00e9 podob\u011b: M-LOK p\u0159edstavuje dominantn\u00ed modern\u00ed standard, co\u017e odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed i na\u0161e syst\u00e9my li\u0161t M-LOK<\/a>, a\u010dkoliv se hardware KeyMod v praxi st\u00e1le objevuje.<\/p>\n Odli\u0161n\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze sv\u011bta p\u0159esn\u00e9 st\u0159elby a fotografie. Li\u0161ty ARCA-Swiss se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed obd\u00e9ln\u00edkovou rybinovou konstrukc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje posuvn\u00fd pohyb, tak\u017ee up\u00ednac\u00ed mechanismus lze um\u00edstit kamkoli pod\u00e9l li\u0161ty, a ne pouze do pevn\u00fdch dr\u00e1\u017eek. Na rozd\u00edl od li\u0161t Picatinny umo\u017e\u0148uje ARCA mnohem plynulej\u0161\u00ed posun vp\u0159ed a vzad a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 up\u00ednac\u00ed mechanismus pro rychl\u00e9 upevn\u011bn\u00ed nebo sejmut\u00ed bez pou\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed.<\/p>\n Jeho siln\u00fdmi str\u00e1nkami jsou mo\u017enost plynul\u00e9ho pod\u00e9ln\u00e9ho posunu \u2013 co\u017e je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro posunut\u00ed dvojno\u017eky nebo upnut\u00ed stativu na p\u0159esn\u011b po\u017eadovan\u00e9 m\u00edsto \u2013 a velmi stabiln\u00ed rozhran\u00ed pro st\u0159elbu vle\u017ee, z barik\u00e1d nebo ze stativu. Dan\u00ed za to je fakt, \u017ee jde o \u00fazce specializovan\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se na tradi\u010dn\u00edch karabin\u00e1ch nebo slu\u017eebn\u00edch pu\u0161k\u00e1ch objevuje z\u0159\u00eddka, ale st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji b\u00fdv\u00e1 integrov\u00e1no do p\u0159edpa\u017eb\u00ed ur\u010den\u00fdch pro p\u0159esnou a sportovn\u00ed st\u0159elbu.<\/p>\n Rychl\u00e9 shrnut\u00ed toho, k jak\u00e9mu \u00fa\u010delu jednotliv\u00e9 syst\u00e9my slou\u017e\u00ed:<\/p>\n Na co byste ohledn\u011b kompatibility m\u011bli pamatovat p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e za\u010dnete objedn\u00e1vat:<\/p>\n Zvolte spr\u00e1vnou \u00farove\u0148 mont\u00e1\u017ee a typ dr\u00e1\u017eky a zbytek u\u017e p\u016fjde s\u00e1m. Pokud skl\u00e1d\u00e1te nebo vylep\u0161ujete pu\u0161ku a chcete si spr\u00e1vnost upnut\u00ed p\u0159ed koup\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159it, prohl\u00e9dn\u011bte si na\u0161e d\u00edly KMR<\/a> a v\u00fdb\u011br li\u0161t, nebo to s n\u00e1mi p\u0159ij\u010fte osobn\u011b zkonzultovat do na\u0161\u00ed prodejny ve Varn\u011b \u2013 p\u0159ineste si p\u0159edpa\u017eb\u00ed nebo fotografii dr\u00e1\u017eek a my v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017eeme vybrat vhodn\u00fd mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed hardware.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Pokud jste se n\u011bkdy sna\u017eili namontovat na pu\u0161ku optiku, sv\u00edtilnu nebo dvojno\u017eku a zjistili jste, \u017ee d\u00edly k sob\u011b prost\u011b nepasuj\u00ed, narazili jste na problematiku mont\u00e1\u017en\u00edch standard\u016f. Dobrou zpr\u00e1vou je, \u017ee jakmile pochop\u00edte, jak do sebe jednotliv\u00e9 prvky zapadaj\u00ed, je v\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo\u010dar\u00fd. Tento pr\u016fvodce v\u00e1s sezn\u00e1m\u00ed se \u010dty\u0159mi syst\u00e9my, se kter\u00fdmi se setk\u00e1te […]\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17746],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-779344","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pruvodce"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbg.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/779344","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbg.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbg.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbg.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=779344"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nbg.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/779344\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":779367,"href":"https:\/\/nbg.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/779344\/revisions\/779367"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nbg.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=779344"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbg.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=779344"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nbg.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=779344"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Li\u0161ta Picatinny (MIL-STD-1913)<\/h2>\n
Picatinny versus Weaver<\/h2>\n
Pro\u010d existuj\u00ed syst\u00e9my p\u0159edpa\u017eb\u00ed<\/h2>\n
KeyMod versus M-LOK<\/h2>\n
KeyMod<\/h3>\n
M-LOK<\/h3>\n
Pro\u010d se M-LOK stal dominantn\u00edm<\/h3>\n
ARCA-Swiss pro p\u0159esnou st\u0159elbu<\/h2>\n
Jak vyb\u00edrat a co je kompatibiln\u00ed<\/h2>\n
\n
\n